Wholesale
Buying products in bulk at a discounted rate to resell individually, as opposed to manufacturing them.
In practice
Wholesale margins are typically slimmer per unit than direct-to-consumer sales, since the buyer needs enough margin to mark the product back up and still profit - but it trades that margin for volume and someone else handling retail-side marketing and customer service.
A manufacturer sells cases of 100 units at a wholesale rate to a retailer, who then marks each unit up and sells them individually to customers.
Why it matters
Wholesale trades margin for reach - a brand gives up per-unit profit for a retail partner's existing traffic and trust, which would otherwise take years to build independently.
Worth knowing
- Pricing is typically 40-60% below eventual retail price, leaving room for the buyer's markup.
- Often requires minimum order quantities and set payment terms, like Net 30.
- Wholesale and D2C can coexist, though pricing needs care to avoid undercutting retail partners.
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